Two-Tier Encryption in the UK – Identical Apple Devices, Different Protection

Apple devices sold in the UK have a unique two-tier encryption system, where iPhones and Macs sold in the UK have the same software and hardware features, but with different encryption settings. This means that devices sold in the UK have a 256-bit encryption key, while those sold in other countries have a 128-bit key. This difference is due to a UK law passed in 2016, the Investigatory Powers Act, which requires device manufacturers to provide access to data for law enforcement agencies. Apple has confirmed that the two-tier encryption system is a result of this law, but has not disclosed further details. The company has stated that the encryption key is not related to the device's serial number or IMEI, and that the key is randomly generated. The two-tier system has been in place since 2017.